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电焊　electric welding: i3h.cn/423

ming2015-12-02 18:39

焊接
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welding
荷兰语： https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassen

日本語：溶接 https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/溶接

德语 Deutsch

电焊
[diàn hàn]

电焊的英文翻译
基本释义
electric welding
electrowelding
electro-welding
electric soldering
electrical welding

参考释义
电焊的用法和样例：
例句
在油漆之前你必须把这个地方电焊修补、磨好。
You must weld and grind this area before painting.
电焊或电切割时。
Electric arc welding or cutting is performed.
电焊乃是对两块要（被）焊的金属用电加热。
Electric welding is the heating of two pieces of metal to be welded by electricity.
在油漆之前你必须把这个地方电焊修补、打磨好。
You must weld and grind this area before painting.
前后汽缸用螺栓及电焊联接成一体。
The front and back cylinder is linked into an organic whole by the bolt and electric welding.
一般结构用电焊钢管
Steel Tube for General Structure
恒温无铅电焊台
Temperature controlled lead-free Soldering Station - SGS Series
采用CBR成形机组生产薄壁电焊钢管
Thin Wall Thickness Electric Welded Pipe Produced by CBR Forming Mill

How to Master the Fiery Art of Gas Welding
NOV 30, 2015 @ 1:00 PM CAR CULTURE

Requiring a 6300-degree open flame and combustible materials,
gas welding has fallen out of favor.
But it's a completely elemental experience.

Ordinary people use three types of welding. This is not as boring as it sounds. For one thing, a weld joins two pieces of earth by melting them, and melting earth is awesome. But above that, it helps you build things. Brackets. Roll cages. Entire cars, from scratch. The only limit is the size of your bench.
The two most modern types of home welding are MIG and TIG—for metal inert gas and tungsten inert gas. With each, you pay three or four figures for a computer-controlled box that feeds calibrated electricity and shielding gas into your hands. Or you can go the third route—gas welding—which takes skill, a 6300-degree flame, and little else.

It should go without saying that we're pretty much in love with the third route.
Gas welding joins metal using the heat of a torch burning both oxygen and a secondary fuel. A filler rod is usually blended into the weld for strength. The practice has been around since the late 1800s, but the most common form, developed by the French a century ago, uses an oxyacetylene flame. So-called oxy-fuel welding supplanted the relatively ancient forge welding, which involves heating two pieces of metal, then hammering them together. (The urge to make a "hammered hot things" joke here will be ignored, because we are all adults.)

Andrew Trahan
MIG and TIG dominate the car world because they produce consistent welds with low risk and a modicum of skill. Gas welding generally fell out of favor for opposite reasons. Both oxygen and acetylene are combustible, but more important, there are a lot of places you just don't want an open flame.
Josh Welton is a MIL-SPEC government fabricator from Mount Clemens, Michigan. In the evenings, he's a welding instructor and artist whose work has been praised by men like Ken Block and Icon 4x4 founder Jonathan Ward. He's a great teacher and a man in love with his craft, so we went to his shop to learn to gas weld.

12个回复, 0个喜欢

评论1 来自于:ming

2015-12-02 19:30 0人喜欢

"Acetylene torches changed the world," Welton told me. "There's an old story about the guys who used to cut 12-inch holes in steel ships, for windows. They'd heat it up with hydrogen and chip away at it, weeks to do one hole. Then a guy came in with acetylene, which burns much hotter, and it became something you could do in a day. It's mostly used for cutting now, but you can weld almost anything with the right flux and filler. You can take it anywhere, no power source, a whole setup for a few hundred dollars. It's incredibly simple."
I glanced at the torpedo-shaped fuel tank at his shop's back wall. "You know," Welton said, "one of my favorite sentences in the textbook is, 'Above 15 psi, acetylene becomes unstable, in danger of decomposition and violent explosion.' Guys have blown themselves up. But if you're smart about it …"

So I tried to not blow myself up. Who knew it took so little in terms of hardware? Even the most evolved gas-weld setup is little more than a torch, a pair of fuel tanks, and a stick of filler. The torch itself is a supply tube with a calibrated nozzle and two knobs to control the gas. Larger torches make greater heat; smaller ones are more wieldy and easier to focus. Welton said the mid-size unit I tried was larger than we needed, but it looked "more badass. With gas, that's half the draw."
You crack the acetylene first, sparking it with a flint lighter. The result is a syrupy black smoke, carbonizing, then a feathery orange flame as you trim the gas. Oxygen sharpens the fire, producing bluish inner and outer cones. Flame size equals temperature and focus: Ideally, you want a teardrop-shaped flame-within-a-flame. To weld eighth-inch steel, our inner cone was the size of a pencil eraser.

"You don't need violence," Welton said. "A neutral flame, each gas equal. More acetylene embrittles; more oxygen cuts the metal." So you adjust it by eye, every time.

Watching Welton was hypnotic. You heat two pieces of steel. They glow for a surprisingly long time, then—smack!—pop into liquid, the metal molten and alive. Darkened welding glasses save your retinas and block out everything but the puddle of lava beneath the torch. In the hands of a master, it's a consistent alchemy, quick and seemingly inexorable.

YOU STITCH STEEL AND YOUR SKIN WARMS.
THE REST OF THE WORLD DISAPPEARS.

Welton killed the torch and handed it to me. It was oddly heavy for something you hold like a pencil. The metal he had heated dulled, then flashed gray. I relit the torch, balanced the flame, and focused on the work. And almost immediately, I found myself watching the heat. Adding rod cools the puddle, so it's a game of maintenance. Also elemental. You move the torch in a circular pattern, keeping the weld in the flame's atmosphere to avoid contamination. You stitch steel and your skin warms. The rest of the world disappears.
Ten minutes in, I found myself either ahead of or behind the weld, chasing it or trying to speed it up. Welding consistently was easy, but only if I gave up on appearance or strength. If I fixed one thing, I lost another. It felt like fast driving: Think about a hundred things, but above all, relax.

"The cool thing," Welton said, "is how you can just buy a pair of bottles at Home Depot and fix anything. I think the new generation thinks you have to have a TIG welder. But it's like one of the guys I teach with said—if I'm stranded on an island, give me oxygen, acetylene, and a torch."
Why does that sound so appealing? At Welton's shop, I made a few knickknacks from scrap steel. I took one home and set it on my desk. I've welded before, but this piece was different. No machine. It came from my hands.
http://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a27193/819-roa-2015-12-01-lost-art-gas-welding-67-5/

评论2 来自于:ming

2015-12-02 20:09 0人喜欢

焊接
焊接(Welding)，也写作銲接或称熔接、镕接，是一种以加热方式接合金属或其他热塑性材料如塑料的制造工艺及技术。焊接透过下列三种途径达成接合的目的：

加热欲接合之工件使之局部熔化形成熔池（英语：Weld pool），熔池冷却凝固后便接合，必要时可加入熔填物（英语：Filler metal）辅助
单独加热熔点较低的焊料，无需熔化工件本身，借焊料的毛细作用连接工件（如软钎焊、硬焊）
在相当于或低于工件熔点的温度下辅以高压、叠合挤塑或振动等使两工件间相互渗透接合（如锻焊、固态焊接）
依具体的焊接工艺，焊接可细分为气焊、电阻焊、电弧焊、感应焊接及激光焊接等其他特殊焊接。

焊接的能量来源有很多种，包括气体焰、电弧、激光、电子束、摩擦和超声波等。除了在工厂中使用外，焊接还可以在多种环境下进行，如野外、水下和太空。无论在何处，焊接都可能给操作者带来危险，所以在进行焊接时必须采取适当的防护措施。焊接给人体可能造成的伤害包括烧伤、触电、视力损害、吸入有毒气体、紫外线照射过度等。

19世纪末之前，唯一的焊接工艺是铁匠沿用了数百年的金属锻焊。最早的现代焊接技术出现在19世纪末，先是弧焊和氧燃气焊，稍后出现了电阻焊。20世纪早期，第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战中对军用设备的需求量很大，与之相应的廉价可靠的金属连接工艺受到重视，进而促进了焊接技术的发展。战后，先后出现了几种现代焊接技术，包括目前最流行的手工电弧焊、以及诸如熔化极气体保护电弧焊、埋弧焊（潜弧焊）、药芯焊丝电弧焊和电渣焊这样的自动或半自动焊接技术。20世纪下半叶，焊接技术的发展日新月异，激光焊接和电子束焊接被开发出来。今天，焊接机器人在工业生产中得到了广泛的应用。研究人员仍在深入研究焊接的本质，继续开发新的焊接方法，并进一步提高焊接质量。

英语：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welding
Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing fusion, which is distinct from lower temperature metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the base metal. In addition to melting the base metal, a filler material is often added to the joint to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to form a joint that can be as strong as the base material. Pressure may also be used in conjunction with heat, or by itself, to produce a weld.
Some of the best known welding methods include:

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) - also known as "stick welding or electric welding", uses an electrode that has flux, the protectant for the puddle, around it. The electrode holder holds the electrode as it slowly melts away. Slag protects the weld puddle from atmospheric contamination.
Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) - also known as TIG (tungsten, inert gas), uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode to produce the weld. The weld area is protected from atmospheric contamination by an inert shielding gas such as Argon or Helium.
Gas metal arc welding (GMAW) - commonly termed MIG (metal, inert gas), uses a wire feeding gun that feeds wire at an adjustable speed and flows an argon-based shielding gas or a mix of argon and carbon dioxide (CO₂) over the weld puddle to protect it from atmospheric contamination.
Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) - almost identical to MIG welding except it uses a special tubular wire filled with flux; it can be used with or without shielding gas, depending on the filler.
Submerged arc welding (SAW) - uses an automatically fed consumable electrode and a blanket of granular fusible flux. The molten weld and the arc zone are protected from atmospheric contamination by being "submerged" under the flux blanket.
Electroslag welding (ESW) - a highly productive, single pass welding process for thicker materials between 1 inch (25 mm) and 12 inches (300 mm) in a vertical or close to vertical position.

评论3 来自于:ming

2015-12-02 20:14 0人喜欢

荷兰语： https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lassen
Lassen is het verbinden van materialen door druk en/of warmte, waarbij het materiaal op de verbindingsplaats in vloeibare of deegachtige toestand wordt gebracht (hoewel er ook uitzonderingen zijn, zie kouddruklassen), terwijl al of niet materiaal met ongeveer dezelfde samenstelling wordt toegevoegd, waarbij continuïteit ontstaat tussen de te verbinden delen.
Anders dan bij solderen smelt bij lassen ook het materiaal van het werkstuk, dus niet alleen het toevoegmateriaal.

俄语： Русский https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Сварка
Сварка — процесс получения неразъёмных соединений посредством установления межатомных связей между свариваемыми частями при их местном или общем нагреве, пластическом деформировании или совместном действии того и другого^[1].
Неразъёмное соединение, выполненное с помощью сварки, называют сварным соединением^[1]. Чаще всего с помощью сварки соединяют детали из металлов. Однако сварку применяют и для неметаллов — пластмасс, керамики или их сочетания.
При сварке используются различные источники энергии: электрическая дуга, электрический ток, газовое пламя, лазерное излучение, электронный луч, трение, ультразвук. Развитие технологий позволяет в настоящее время проводить сварку не только в условиях промышленных предприятий, но в полевых и монтажных условиях (в степи, в поле, в открытом море и т. п.), под водой и даже в космосе. Процесс сварки сопряжён с опасностью возгораний; поражений электрическим током; отравлений вредными газами; поражением глаз и других частей тела тепловым, ультрафиолетовым, инфракрасным излучением и брызгами расплавленного металла.
Сварка осуществима при следующих условиях:
1) применении очень больших удельных давлений сжатия деталей, без нагрева;
2) нагревании и одновременном сжатии деталей умеренным давлением;
3) нагревании металла в месте соединения до расплавления, без применения давления для сжатия.

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